FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

Private Sector Loans is an economic calendar event in Saudi Arabia that reflects the financial activity and lending conditions between local banks and private businesses within the kingdom. This event provides valuable insights into the overall health of the Saudi Arabian economy and the level of confidence that businesses have in the financial system.

The data signifies the volume of loans provided to companies, businesses, and individuals in the Saudi private sector, which has a direct impact on consumption, investments, and growth initiatives that shape the nation's economy. By monitoring this event, investors, stakeholders, and policymakers can evaluate the health of the credit market and business activity in Saudi Arabia, which is crucial for understanding how the monetary policy and credit conditions affect market trends and the overall economic performance of the country.

The M3 Money Supply event is an important economic indicator for Saudi Arabia that provides insights into the nation's monetary policy and overall economic health. It measures the total amount of money available within the economy, including all forms of currency, deposits, and other financial assets that can be easily converted into cash.

This event is closely monitored by investors, policymakers, and economists to understand the trends in the nation's money supply, which can directly impact inflation rates, exchange rates, and overall economic stability. An increasing M3 Money Supply may lead to higher inflation and economic growth, while a decreasing M3 Money Supply may signal an economic slowdown or contraction.

By regularly tracking the M3 Money Supply event, stakeholders and market participants can gain valuable insights into Saudi Arabia's economic outlook and make informed decisions in their investment and policy-making strategies.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TWD while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TWD.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the VND , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the VND.

The Melbourne Institute (MI) Inflation Gauge measures the change in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers. The data is designed to mimic the quarterly government-released CPI data.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

The Building Approvals report is a significant economic indicator in Australia, offering insights into the development and growth of the housing sector. This data provides estimations of future construction activity, and by extension, the wellbeing of the construction industry. The number of buildings approved for construction helps analysts to evaluate job prospects in the sector and to predict if any fluctuations in the housing market are imminent.

Building approvals also indicate the confidence level of builders and can reflect expectations about the economy’s overall health. A high number of approvals might suggest high future investment in construction and therefore overall economic growth. Conversely, a decrease might signal a decline in the construction sector and potentially wider economic troubles. For these reasons, the Building Approvals report is closely watched by economists, investors, and policy makers alike.

Building Approvals (also known as Building Permits) measures the change in the number of new building approvals issued by the government. Building permits are key indicator of demand in the housing market.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

Construction industry provides information on construction output and activity. Such information gives an insight into the supply on the housing and construction market. Rising number of new construction starts or value of construction completed reflects higher consumer and business optimism. Expanding construction indicates growth in the housing market and predicts an increase in the overall economy. However, an excessive supply of new buildings may result in a drop in housing prices. The construction industry is one of the first to go into a recession when the economy declines but also to recover as conditions improve. Statistics of building work approved are compiled from: permits issued by local government authorities; contracts let or day labour work authorised by Commonwealth, State, semi-government and local government authorities; major building activity in areas not subject to normal administrative approval e.g. building on remote mine sites.

The Australia and New Zealand Banking Group (ANZ) Job Advertisements report measures the change in the number of jobs advertised in the major daily newspapers and websites covering the capital cities. This report tends to have a greater impact when it is released ahead of government employment data.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the IDR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the IDR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The HSBC India Manufacturing PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing sector in India. It is compiled from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in a panel of around 400 manufacturers. The PMI is a composite index based on five key indicators: new orders, output, employment, suppliers' delivery times, and stock of purchases. A PMI above 50 indicates an expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. It is a crucial forward-looking economic indicator that provides insights into business conditions in the manufacturing sector. Investors, business leaders, and policymakers closely monitor the PMI to gauge the economic growth trajectory and make informed decisions.

The Russian HSBC Manufacturing PMI is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. When the PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy.

Flash figures are released approximately 6 business days prior to the end of the month. Final figures overwrite the flash figures upon release and are in turn overwritten as the next Flash is available.

The HSBC Manufacturing PMI is concluded from a monthly survey of hundreds of purchasing managers, which asks respondents to rate the relative level of business conditions including employment, production, new orders, prices, supplier deliveries, and inventories.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

Producer Price Index (PPI) measures a change in the prices of goods and services, over a span of time, either as they leave their place of production oras they enter the production process. PPI measures a change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. Inflation at this producer level often gets passed through to the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The PMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for the following five indicators, with varying judgmental weights applied: new orders - 30 percent; production - 25 percent, employment - 20 percent, supplier deliveries - 15 percent and inventories - 10 percent. Diffusion indexes are convenient summary measures showing the prevailing direction of change and the scope of change. They fluctuate from 0-100%. For any of the business survey indicators, an index reading of 50% indicates no change in the aggregate series being measured, because an equal number of committee members reported increases and decreases. An index reading above 50% indicates that the economy, or that indicator of the economy, is generally expanding and below 50%, generally declining. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF.

Purchasing managers are asked a series of questions that measure whether business conditions have improved, deteriorated or remained unchanged from the previous month.results are calculated as diffusion indices. These are calculated as the percentage of respondents indicating an improvement, plus an addition of half the percentage of respondents indicating no change. Diffusion indices differ from percentage balances in that they do not effectively exclude the findings of those who reported no change. An index reading of 100 indicates that all informants expect an increase and a score of zero indicates that all informants expect a decrease. A score of 50 shows that informants are either equally divided between those expecting an increase and those expecting a decrease or that all respondents report no change in activity in comparison with theprevious month.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumers Price Index (CPI) measures the rate of price change of goods and services purchased by households. It measures changes in the average level of prices over a period of time with a given starting point or base period which is usually taken as 100. the CPI can be used to compare current period consumer prices with those in the base period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Istanbul Chamber of Industry Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a key indicator of the economic health of Turkey's manufacturing sector. It is derived from monthly surveys of purchasing managers at approximately 450 manufacturing companies. A PMI reading above 50 indicates an expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. The index offers insights into various factors including output, new orders, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventory levels.

As a forward-looking indicator, the Istanbul Chamber of Industry Manufacturing PMI can provide valuable insights into business conditions and potential future economic activity in Turkey. It is watched by investors, policymakers, and analysts to gauge the economic environment and to make informed decisions regarding investments, economic policy, and strategy.

Producer Price Index (PPI) measures a change in the prices of goods and services, over a span of time, either as they leave their place of production or as they enter the production process. PPI measures a change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation. Usually a rise in PPI will lead in a short time to a rise in CPI and therefore to a rising interest rates and rising currency. during recession, the producers are not able to roll over the rising cost of material to the consumer, so a rise in PPI will not be rolled over to the consumer but will lower the profitablility of the producer and will deepen the recession, that will lead to a fall in local currency.

The Spanish Manufacturing PMI is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. When PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy. The individual survey indexes have been seasonally adjusted using the US Bureau of Census X-11 program. The seasonally adjusted series are then used to calculate the seasonally adjusted PMI. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

procure.ch Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CHF.

The Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Italian Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The French Manufacturing Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The German Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Foreign trade statistics include imports, imports with waiver and exports. Import figures include all direct imports to the country for domestic consumption also goods entering the customs area for temporary admission transit transhipment or to be stored in a bonded warehouse and then offered to the domestic market after modification of their import status Exports include goods produced domestically. Foreign trade statistics exclude export and import data obtained from duty-free zones and duty-free shops. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Purchasing Managers Index is a monthly survey of business conditions, using identical survey methodology in each country participating in the surveys. Markit produces the Greek Purchasing Managers Index in association with the Hellenic Purchasing Institute (HPI). Each month questionnaires are sent to a panel of 300 companies, selected to accurately reflect the structure of the manufacturing sector. Data are collected relating to: output, new orders, export orders, quantity of goods purchased, input prices, supplier delivery performance, stocks of goods purchased, stocks of finished goods and employment. Several of the above series are combined together to form a single composite indicator of the manufacturing sector - the Purchasing Managers Index.

Unemployment is the total number of all persons above a specified age, who in a short reference period were: not employed, available for work (either for paid work or for self employment) and were seeking work (were actively searching for employment or taking active steps towards self-employment).The definition for anunemployed person is: Persons (16-65 years) who were available for work (except for temporary illness) but did not work during the survey week, and who made specific efforts to find a job within the previous 4 weeks by going to an employment agency, by applying directly to an employer, by answering a job ad, or being on a union or professional register.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment during the previous quarter. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negitive/bearish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Foreign trade statistics include imports, imports with waiver and exports. Import figures include all direct imports to the country for domestic consumption also goods entering the customs area for temporary admission transit transhipment or to be stored in a bonded warehouse and then offered to the domestic market after modification of their import status Exports include goods produced domestically. Foreign trade statistics exclude export and import data obtained from duty-free zones and duty-free shops. Items not considered as exports include; -Border and coastal trade -Transit and re-export trade -Exports with waiver -Temporary exports, -Goods returned to their place of origin and -Exports of imports with waiver by temporary admission or by temporary exemption.

The Sentix Investor Confidence Index rates the relative six-month economic outlook for the euro zone. The data is compiled from a survey of about 2,800 investors and analysts. A reading above zero indicates optimism; below indicates pessimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Industrial Production is a fixed-weight measure of physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities. Monthly percent changes in the index reflect the rate of change in output. Changes in industrial production are widely followed as a major indicator of strength in the manufacturing sector.The total index measures the change in the volume of production of manufacturing, mining, construction and electricity, gas and water industries. This is a useful indicator of the economy because it is more current compared to the GNP and reported every month. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

Eurogroup Meetings are a significant event on the economic calendar that brings together finance ministers from the 19 Eurozone countries to discuss and coordinate fiscal policies. These meetings, held regularly throughout the year, provide an important platform for exchange on the common currency, the euro, and the economic health of the Eurozone.

During these meetings, decision-makers from Eurozone member states work together to address ongoing challenges, create opportunities for growth, and maintain financial stability within the region. Key topics discussed during Eurogroup Meetings include budgetary policies, macroeconomic imbalances, financial reforms, and adherence to commonly agreed economic rules and guidelines.

The outcomes of Eurogroup Meetings can have a meaningful impact on financial markets, as decisions or policy shifts can influence investor sentiment, foreign exchange rates, and long-term fiscal strategies. As such, investors and financial analysts closely follow the developments from these meetings to assess the future direction of the Eurozone economy and make informed decisions about investments and trading strategies.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.