FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

The Construction Spending index measures the change in the total amount spent on construction. The data is subject to large revisions and as such, this report rarely has any market impact.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Public Finances, Central Government, Debt, Total.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. The reading is compiled from a survey of about 2,300 consumers in the euro zone which asks respondents to evaluate future economic prospects. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Philip R. Lane, member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, is set to speak. His speeches often contain indications on the future possible direction of monetary policy.

The Atlanta Fed GDPNow is an economic event that provides a real-time estimate of the United States' gross domestic product (GDP) growth for the current quarter. It serves as a valuable indicator for analysts, policymakers, and economists looking to gauge the health of the American economy.

Created and maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, the GDPNow model utilizes a sophisticated algorithm that processes incoming data from official government sources. These sources include reports on manufacturing, trade, retail sales, housing, and other sectors, which allows the Atlanta Fed to update their GDP growth projections on a frequent basis.

As an essential benchmark for economic performance, the GDPNow forecast can significantly impact financial markets and influence investment decisions. Market participants often use the GDPNow forecast to adjust their expectations regarding monetary policies and various economic outcomes.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries. But in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector. The prices should be farm-gate prices for the agricultural sector and ex-factory prices for the industrial sector. The PPI is worth watching as a leading indicator of inflation at the consumer level. Price changes at the wholesale level take time to work their way through to the retail store. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries. But in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector. The prices should be farm-gate prices for the agricultural sector and ex-factory prices for the industrial sector. The PPI is worth watching as a leading indicator of inflation at the consumer level. Price changes at the wholesale level take time to work their way through to the retail store. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The S&P Global Manufacturing & Services PMI is a composite indicator that tracks business conditions across Australia’s manufacturing and services sectors. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers, covering output, new orders, employment, input costs, and business expectations.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in private sector activity, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Markets monitor this PMI as a timely gauge of overall economic momentum, inflationary pressures, and potential shifts in monetary policy, since it captures changes in demand, capacity utilization, and cost dynamics before many official statistics.

The S&P Global Manufacturing PMI is a monthly survey-based indicator that measures the performance of Australia’s manufacturing sector. It is derived from responses of purchasing managers on production, new orders, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventories.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in manufacturing activity, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because it is timely and forward-looking, the index is closely watched by markets and policymakers as an early gauge of industrial conditions, business confidence, and potential shifts in economic growth and inflation pressures in Australia.

The S&P Global Services PMI for Australia is a survey-based indicator that measures business conditions in the services sector, including areas such as finance, retail, transport, communications, and hospitality. Purchasing managers are asked about output, new business, employment, prices, and business expectations.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in service-sector activity compared to the previous month, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because services make up a large share of Australia’s economy, this index is closely watched as a timely gauge of overall economic momentum, labor demand, and inflationary pressures in the non-manufacturing sector.

National Consumer Price Index before seasonal adjustment. Statistics Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications announces this every month. A higher than expected result would be positive news for the yen, whilst a lower than expected result would be negative news for the yen.

The National Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers, excluding fresh food.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Manufacturing & Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a critical economic indicator for Japan, providing insights into the performance and health of the manufacturing and services sectors. Released monthly, this composite index is derived from surveys of purchasing managers across the country, covering variables such as new orders, inventory levels, production, supplier deliveries, and employment.

A PMI reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. The Manufacturing PMI focuses on production-related activities, while the Services PMI assesses business activity in the service sector. Together, they offer a comprehensive view of economic conditions, helping investors, analysts, and policymakers gauge economic health and make informed decisions.

The S&P Global Manufacturing PMI for Japan is an important economic indicator that provides insight into the health and performance of the manufacturing sector. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers in the manufacturing industry and covers metrics such as new orders, output, employment, suppliers' delivery times, and stocks of purchases. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. This index is closely watched by economists, analysts, and investors as it provides early signals about business conditions and potential shifts in Japan's economic activity. Changes in this PMI can influence government policy and financial markets, making it a crucial tool for assessing the manufacturing sector’s contribution to the overall economy.

The S&P Global Services PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an essential indicator of economic health specific to Japan, focusing on the services sector. It reflects the state of business conditions and the overall performance of the non-manufacturing sector.

The index is derived from monthly surveys filled out by purchasing managers in various service industries, including finance, insurance, real estate, and more. A PMI above 50 indicates expansion in the services sector, while a score below 50 suggests contraction. Businesses, investors, and policymakers closely watch this index to make informed economic decisions, as it provides early insight into economic activity, demand dynamics, and employment trends in the services domain. Changes in the PMI can significantly impact currency valuations, stock markets, and economic policy.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. A function of international trade whereby goods produced in one country are shipped to another country for future sale or trade. The sale of such goods addsto the producing nation's gross output. If used for trade, exports are exchangedfor other products or services. Exports are one of the oldest forms of economic transfer, and occur on a large scale between nations that have fewer restrictions on trade, such as tariffs or subsidies.

Imports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (purchases, barter, gifts or grants) from non-residents to residents. A good or service brought into one country from another. Along with exports, imports form the backbone of international trade. The higher the value of imports entering a country, compared to the value of exports, the more negative that country's balance of trade becomes.

Trade balance is the net difference between exports and imports collected from the import/export entry forms of the Customs Department, which reveal both volume and value of imports and exports. In order for the trade balance to be consistent with the definition of balance of payments, statistical modifications have been made to exclude some customs items for the transactions carried out among the residents. Such items include: goods granted embassy privilege; goods with no change of ownership, e.g., goods sent for repair, temporary imported goods, sample goods, leased goods. Adjustments are as well made to include goods actually imported and exported but did not undergo customs declaration such as military goods, electrical appliances and commercial aircrafts.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in Italy. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, Italian carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in Italy. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, Italian carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The HSBC India Manufacturing PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing sector in India. It is compiled from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in a panel of around 400 manufacturers. The PMI is a composite index based on five key indicators: new orders, output, employment, suppliers' delivery times, and stock of purchases. A PMI above 50 indicates an expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. It is a crucial forward-looking economic indicator that provides insights into business conditions in the manufacturing sector. Investors, business leaders, and policymakers closely monitor the PMI to gauge the economic growth trajectory and make informed decisions.

The HSBC India Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a critical indicator that measures the performance of the services sector in India. Compiled by IHS Markit, this PMI is based on monthly surveys of executives in over 400 private service sector companies and reflects business conditions in the sector. A figure above 50 indicates expansion, while a figure below 50 indicates contraction.

This index provides insights into business activity, new business, employment, input prices, and output prices, offering a comprehensive overview of the economic health of the services sector, which is vital as it constitutes a significant part of India's GDP. Analysts, policymakers, and investors closely monitor the Services PMI as it helps in understanding economic trends and making informed decisions.

The HSBC Manufacturing & Services Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is a composite indicator that tracks business conditions in India’s manufacturing and services sectors. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers covering variables such as output, new orders, employment, input costs, and delivery times.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion compared with the previous month, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because it is forward-looking and survey-based, the index is widely used to gauge short-term momentum in overall economic activity, help assess demand conditions, and anticipate potential changes in employment and inflationary pressures across India’s real economy.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in Germany. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, German carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in Germany. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, German carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in France. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, French carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in France. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, French carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.