FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

This economic calendar event refers to a scheduled public appearance or speech by the former United States President Donald Trump. During his time in office from 2017 to 2021, Trump often addressed the nation and world on various topics, including economic matters, employment rates, trade agreements, and fiscal policies.

Market participants and investors pay close attention to these speeches, as they may provide insights into the administration's policy direction or reveal market-sensitive information. Changes in economic policies or the announcement of new initiatives can significantly impact financial markets, including stock markets, bond markets, and currency markets. The content and tone of the speech may lead to short-term volatility or long-term trends in financial markets, depending on the impact on investor sentiment and the perceived implications for economic growth, inflation, and interest rates.

The Richmond Manufacturing Index rates the relative level of business conditions including shipments, new orders, and employment. A level above zero on the index indicates improving conditions; below indicates worsening conditions. The data is compiled from a survey of about 100 manufacturers in the Richmond area.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Survey of Fifth District Manufacturing Activity - Business activity index. All firms surveyed are located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and Most of West Virginia. Each index equals the precentage reporting increase minus the percentage reporting decrease.

The Survey of Fifth District Manufacturing Activity - Business activity index. All firms surveyed are located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and Most of West Virginia. Each index equals the precentage reporting increase minus the percentage reporting decrease.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. The reading is compiled from a survey of about 2,300 consumers in the euro zone which asks respondents to evaluate future economic prospects. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The FOMC Member Williams Speaks event is a key economic calendar event in the United States. It involves a speech delivered by the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and vice-chair of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), John C. Williams. As a prominent member of the FOMC, his views and insights often hold significant influence on the monetary policy decisions of the Federal Reserve and the overall U.S. financial market.

During this event, market participants closely monitor the speeches and statements made by John C. Williams for any hints or indications related to the future direction of U.S. monetary policy. This could include changes in the target federal funds rate, asset purchase programs, or adjustments to forward guidance. A dovish or hawkish tone in the speech can impact the U.S. dollar's value, interest rates, and market sentiment, leading to potential investment opportunities and risks.

German Buba Vice President Buch Speaks is an economic event where the Vice President of the Deutsche Bundesbank, Claudia Buch, delivers speeches or remarks on the current economic situation and prospects of Germany. This event holds significance for investors and market participants, as it may provide insights into the country's economic outlook and potential policy changes by the central bank. Commentary and signals from key officials like Buch can influence market sentiment and volatility in the short-term, making this an event worth watching for those tracking the German economy and its impact on the financial markets.

Fed Governor Jefferson Speaks is an economic calendar event for the United States where a Federal Reserve official, Governor Jefferson, delivers a speech about the current economic situations and financial policies. This event attracts attention from investors and economists, as it provides an opportunity to gain insights into the thinking process of the central bank's decision-makers, and their views on monetary policy, inflation, and employment.

Speeches from central bank officials, like Governor Jefferson, have the potential to significantly impact financial markets, as market participants carefully monitor their words for hints on potential policy changes. Any surprises or changes in tone could lead to shifts in market sentiment and result in price fluctuations in currency, stock, and bond markets.

Monetary policy refers to the actions undertaken by a country's monetary authority, central bank or government to achieve certain national economic goals. It is based on the relationship between interest rates at which money can be borrowed and total supply of money. Policy rates are the most important rates within a country's monetary policy. These can be: deposit rates, lombard rates, rediscount rates, reference rates etc. Changing them influences economic growth, inflation, exchange rates and unemployment.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. Depending on the degree of liquidity chosen to define an asset as money, various monetary aggregates are distinguished: M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, etc. Not all of them are used by every country. Note that methodology of calculating money supply varies between countries. M2 is a monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits and small certificates of deposit. Excess money supply growth potentially can cause inflation and generate fears that the government may tighten money growth by allowing the interest rates to rise which in turn, lowers future prices. M2 = Currency in circulation + demand deposits (private sector) + time and savings deposits (private sector).

The Total Credit economic calendar event refers to the overall amount of credit provided by financial institutions to individuals, households, and businesses in Qatar. The data provides insights into the level of economic activity, as credit is a driving force behind business growth, investments, and consumer spending.

A higher-than-expected credit growth indicates a healthy and robust economy, as it suggests that consumers and businesses are borrowing more and using credit to fuel their spending and investments. On the other hand, a lower-than-expected credit growth could signal a slowing economy, as consumers and businesses may be less confident in undertaking new investments or increasing their expenditures.

Traders and investors pay close attention to Total Credit data, as it helps them gauge the financial health of the economy and make informed decisions. This data is usually released on a monthly basis by Qatar's central bank or other financial regulators, and is considered a key economic indicator for the country.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Note auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Notes have maturities of two to ten years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Note represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

US M2 Money Stock refers to the measure of money supply that includes financial assets held mainly by households. These include savings deposits, time deposits, and balances in retail money market mutual funds, in addition to more readily-available liquid financial assets as defined by the M1 measure of money, such as currency, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits. The US M2 Money Stock is critical in understanding and forecasting money supply, inflation, and interest rates in the US. Historically, when the money supply dramatically increased in global economies, there would be a following dramatic increase in prices of goods and services, which would then follow monetary policy with the aim to maintain inflation levels low.

Richmond Fed President Thomas Barkin. His public engagements are often used to drop subtle clues regarding future monetary policy.

The American Petroleum Institute reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage.The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict the consumer spending, which is a major part in the total economic activity. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The S&P Global Manufacturing & Services PMI is a composite indicator that tracks business conditions across Australia’s manufacturing and services sectors. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers, covering output, new orders, employment, input costs, and business expectations.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in private sector activity, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Markets monitor this PMI as a timely gauge of overall economic momentum, inflationary pressures, and potential shifts in monetary policy, since it captures changes in demand, capacity utilization, and cost dynamics before many official statistics.

The S&P Global Manufacturing PMI is a monthly survey-based indicator that measures the performance of Australia’s manufacturing sector. It is derived from responses of purchasing managers on production, new orders, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventories.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in manufacturing activity, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because it is timely and forward-looking, the index is closely watched by markets and policymakers as an early gauge of industrial conditions, business confidence, and potential shifts in economic growth and inflation pressures in Australia.

The S&P Global Services PMI for Australia is a survey-based indicator that measures business conditions in the services sector, including areas such as finance, retail, transport, communications, and hospitality. Purchasing managers are asked about output, new business, employment, prices, and business expectations.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion in service-sector activity compared to the previous month, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because services make up a large share of Australia’s economy, this index is closely watched as a timely gauge of overall economic momentum, labor demand, and inflationary pressures in the non-manufacturing sector.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Gross National Product and Gross Domestic Product is the total value of the finished goods and services produced in the economy. It is not a precise measureof national economic well-being but expressed in volume (adjusted for inflation)it is the closest single number we have got to such a measure. It is the sum of Final expenditures, Export of goods and services, Imports of goods and services,Private Consumption, Government Consumption, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Increases/Decreases(-) in stocks. The difference between Gross National Product and Gross Domestic Product is the Net Factor Income/Payments abroad. The data are seasonally and calender adjusted.

The HSBC India Manufacturing PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing sector in India. It is compiled from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in a panel of around 400 manufacturers. The PMI is a composite index based on five key indicators: new orders, output, employment, suppliers' delivery times, and stock of purchases. A PMI above 50 indicates an expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. It is a crucial forward-looking economic indicator that provides insights into business conditions in the manufacturing sector. Investors, business leaders, and policymakers closely monitor the PMI to gauge the economic growth trajectory and make informed decisions.

The HSBC India Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a critical indicator that measures the performance of the services sector in India. Compiled by IHS Markit, this PMI is based on monthly surveys of executives in over 400 private service sector companies and reflects business conditions in the sector. A figure above 50 indicates expansion, while a figure below 50 indicates contraction.

This index provides insights into business activity, new business, employment, input prices, and output prices, offering a comprehensive overview of the economic health of the services sector, which is vital as it constitutes a significant part of India's GDP. Analysts, policymakers, and investors closely monitor the Services PMI as it helps in understanding economic trends and making informed decisions.

The HSBC Manufacturing & Services Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is a composite indicator that tracks business conditions in India’s manufacturing and services sectors. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers covering variables such as output, new orders, employment, input costs, and delivery times.

A reading above 50 indicates expansion compared with the previous month, while a reading below 50 signals contraction. Because it is forward-looking and survey-based, the index is widely used to gauge short-term momentum in overall economic activity, help assess demand conditions, and anticipate potential changes in employment and inflationary pressures across India’s real economy.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a significant economic calendar event in Singapore as it measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding the more volatile components such as food, energy, alcohol, and tobacco. This data gives a clearer picture of the underlying inflationary trends in the country.

The Core CPI is closely monitored by policymakers and economists because it plays a critical role in determining the monetary policies set by the Central Bank. A steady growth rate in Core CPI can influence the Central Bank to raise interest rates in order to curb excessive inflation, which can impact consumer spending, investments, and overall economic growth.

Investors and market participants also pay attention to this event, as it can offer insights into possible future interest rate decisions and the overall health of the Singaporean economy. A higher-than-expected Core CPI reading can be viewed as positive for the currency, while a lower-than-expected reading may be seen as negative.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

LFS- Labour Force Survey. Three-months moving average. Employed persons are persons aged 16-74 who performed work for pay or profit for at least one hour in the survey week, or who were temporarily absent from work because of illness,holidays etc. Conscripts are classified as employed persons. Persons engaged by government measures to promote employment are also included if they receive wages. Unemployed persons are persons who were not employed in the survey week,but who had been seeking work during the preceding four weeks, and were available for work within the next two weeks. Persons in the labour force are either employed or unemployed. The remaining group of persons is labelled not in the labour force. Unemployed persons and persons not in the labour force constitute the group non-employed persons. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the MYR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The French Manufacturing Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction). A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The French Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease.

The German Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The German Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Deposit Facility Rate is a key monetary policy tool used by the central bank of Indonesia, Bank Indonesia, to control the money supply in the economy. This economic calendar event involves the announcement of the interest rate paid by the central bank to commercial banks for their overnight deposits.

Commercial banks deposit their excess reserves with Bank Indonesia, and they are compensated with an interest known as the Deposit Facility Rate. When the rate is adjusted higher, it incentivizes banks to place more of their excess reserves with the central bank, thus reducing the amount of money available in the economy. Conversely, when the rate is lowered, it discourages banks from depositing excess funds and encourages them to lend more, which stimulates economic activity.

Market participants closely monitor changes in the Deposit Facility Rate since the interest rate decisions can significantly impact the Indonesian Rupiah's exchange rate, inflation, and overall economic growth. Changes in the deposit facility rate can also influence the direction of other short-term interest rates in the country, which then impacts borrowing costs for both businesses and consumers.

The Lending Facility Rate event is an important economic calendar indicator in Indonesia that reflects the central bank's policy rate. The rate is set by the Bank of Indonesia and effectively represents the interest rate charged to commercial banks for borrowing funds from the central bank.

Decisions on the lending facility rate are determined after a careful analysis of various factors, including inflation, overall economic growth, and global market conditions. Financial institutions, investors, and businesses closely monitor this rate, as changes can significantly impact the economy.

A higher lending facility rate can lead to increased borrowing costs for commercial banks, which, in turn, can reduce the availability of credit for businesses and consumers, slowing down economic growth. Conversely, a lower rate can stimulate economic activity by making borrowing less expensive, thereby encouraging investment and spending.

The terms of a standardized loan are formally presented (usually in writing) to each party in the transaction before any money or property changes hands. If a lender requires any collateral, this will be stipulated in the loan documents as well. Most loans also have legal stipulations regarding the maximum amount of interest that can be charged, as well as other covenants such as the length of time before repayment is required. Loans can come from individuals, corporations, financial institutions and governments. They are a way to grow the overall money supply in an economy as well as open up competition, introduce new products and expand business operations. Loans are a primary source of revenue for many financial institutions such as banks, as well as some retailers through the use of credit facilities.

The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular age/sex group is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of the labour force for that group. The Central Statistical Office, GUS, revised its jobless figures starting in December 2003, after a national census showed a drop in the number of people employed in agriculture. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PLN , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PLN.

The Monetary Policy Committee votes on where to set the overnight interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TWD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TWD.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

The Euro-zone Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of about 600 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

The Consumers Price Index (CPI) measures the rate of price change of goods and services purchased by households. It measures changes in the average level of prices over a period of time. In other words, prices indicator of what is happening to prices, consumers are paying for items purchased. With a given starting point or base period which is usually taken as 100, the CPI can be used to compare current period consumer prices with those in the base period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.