FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

This report includes the BOJ's projection for inflation and economic growth. It is scheduled 8 times per year, about 10 days after the Monetary Policy Statement is released.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the THB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the THB.

Housing starts measures the change in the annualized number of new residential buildings that began construction during the reported month. It is a leading indicator of strength in the housing sector.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

The terms M1, M2, M3 refer to the monetary aggregates. Monetary Aggregate or money supply is the quantity of money available within the economy to purchase goods, services, and securities. M1: Technically defined this is the sum of: the tender that is held outside banks, travelers checks, checking accounts (but not demand deposits), minus the amount of money in the Federal Reserve float. M2: The sum of: M1, savings deposits (this would include money market accounts from which no checks can be written), small denomination time deposits, retirement accounts. M3: M2 plus long-term deposits held by the domestic private sector. The monetary aggregates have been revised to include promissory notes. The monetary aggregates have always included negotiable certificates of deposit but excluded promissory notes, earlier on.

Credit extended by a country's central bank to domestic borrowers, including the government and commercial banks. An increase in domestic credit tends to increase the stock of money and, ceteris paribus, leads to an outflow of international reserves thereby, in the long run, decreasing the money stock. Total of investments, bills discounted, instalment sale credit, leasing finance, mortagage advances and other loans and advances.

Retail trade excluding motor vehicles; including repair shops for personal and household goods. Adjusted for irregularity of the calendar. Retail sales data represents total consumer purchase from retail stores. It provides valuable information about consumer spending which makes up the consumption part of GDP. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

Retail trade excluding motor vehicles; including repair shops for personal and household goods. Adjusted for irregularity of the calendar. Retail sales data represents total consumer purchase from retail stores. It provides valuable information about consumer spending which makes up the consumption part of GDP. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

The KOF Leading Indicators Index is designed to predict the direction of the economy over the following six months. The index is a composite reading of 12 economic indicators related to banking confidence, production, new orders, consumer confidence and housing.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CHF.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Economic confidence index is a composite index that encapsulates consumers’ and producers’ evaluations, expectations and tendencies about general economic situation. The index is combined by means of a weighted aggregation of sub-indices of consumer confidence, seasonally adjusted real sector (manufacturing industry), services, retail trade and construction confidence indices. In the calculation of economic confidence index, each sectoral weights are not directly applied to the five confidence indices themselves but to their normalised individual sub-indices series as equally-distributed in each sector. Within this scope, totally 20 sub-indices of confidence indices for consumer, real sector, services, retail trade and construction are used in the calculation. Sub-indices used in the calculation of economic confidence index are calculated with data collected in the first two weeks of each month. It indicates an optimistic outlook about the general economic situation when economic confidence index is above 100, whereas it indicates a pessimistic outlook when it is below 100.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Bavaria Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an economic calendar event that focuses specifically on the inflation rate of the federal state of Bavaria in Germany. The index tracks the changes in the prices of a basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households, including food, transportation, utilities, housing, and more.

CPI is a significant indicator of the overall economic health, as it directly illustrates the purchasing power of the consumers within the region. A rising CPI indicates rising inflation, while a falling CPI suggests a decrease in inflation rates. Both policymakers and investors closely follow this data, as it can impact the decisions made by the central bank, such as adjusting interest rates to control inflation.

It is important to note that the Bavaria CPI is only a portion of the overall German CPI, but it plays a vital role, as Bavaria is the largest and economically strongest federal state in Germany.

The Bavaria Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an economic calendar event that measures the change in the price of a basket of goods and services purchased by households in Bavaria, a region in Germany. It serves as an important indicator of inflation, as well as cost of living within the Bavarian economy.

Calculated on a monthly basis, the Bavaria CPI reflects the average price change of consumer goods and services compared to the previous month. This includes items such as food, transportation, housing, and healthcare. The percentage change in the Bavaria CPI is commonly used to determine the inflation rate for the region.

An increase in the Bavaria CPI signifies a rise in inflation, which may lead to a decrease in consumer purchasing power and an increase in interest rates. Conversely, a decrease in the Bavaria CPI indicates a lower inflation rate, which could lead to increased consumer purchasing power and potentially lower interest rates. Investors and market analysts closely monitor the Bavaria CPI data for insights into the health and future direction of the German economy.

The North Rhine Westphalia Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important economic calendar event that monitors the changes in the prices of a selected basket of goods and services consumed by households in the North Rhine Westphalia region of Germany. This index serves as a key indicator of inflationary trends within the region and contributes to the overall German CPI.

A higher than expected CPI figure suggests increased inflation, potentially prompting the government and central bank to implement measures to control it, such as increasing interest rates. Conversely, a lower than expected CPI figure may indicate decreased inflation, leading to potential stimulus measures, such as lowering interest rates, to encourage economic growth.

The North Rhine Westphalia CPI can have a significant impact on the German economy, as the region is the most populous and economically significant of the 16 states in Germany. Therefore, investors and analysts closely watch this event to make informed decisions based on the economic outlook of the region, and ultimately, the entire country.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Brandenburg Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important economic event that evaluates and measures the average price change of a basket of selected goods and services consumed by households in the Brandenburg region of Germany. The CPI is a widely-used indicator for determining inflation and the overall cost of living.

By evaluating a fixed set of goods and services over time, the Brandenburg CPI provides a clear picture of changes in consumer spending habits and the purchasing power of the local currency. This information is crucial for both businesses and policymakers who aim to make informed decisions about economic growth, interest rates, and fiscal policies.

The release of the Brandenburg CPI data can have an impact on financial markets, particularly on the strength of the German economy and the Euro. Investors, traders, and economic analysts pay close attention to the CPI as it can be a key element in determining the overall health and performance of the economy.

The Brandenburg Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an essential economic indicator that measures the changes in the price level of a basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households in the Brandenburg region of Germany. The CPI is calculated by taking into account the price changes of various items, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, and healthcare, among others.

It is a crucial gauge of inflation, as it helps policymakers, businesses, and investors to understand the overall health of the economy and make informed decisions. A steady growth rate in the Brandenburg CPI indicates a stable economy, while a sharp increase or decrease may signify economic instability or fluctuations that could impact consumer behavior, investment decisions, and overall economic growth.

The Hesse Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an economic calendar event that focuses on the changes in consumer prices in the Hesse region of Germany. The CPI measures the average price movement of goods and services purchased by households over time, representing the overall inflation rate.

The Hesse CPI report gives insights into price changes on a regional scale, helping economists, traders, and investors in understanding the local economic conditions. A higher inflation rate is generally perceived as a negative, as it can lead to increased costs for consumers and reduced purchasing power. On the other hand, lower inflation due to decreased consumer demand could indicate a slowing economy.

This economic calendar event can significantly impact German financial markets, given the fact that Hesse holds a strong position in the national economy. The largest city in this region, Frankfurt, serves as a major financial hub and is the seat of the European Central Bank (ECB). Thus, any fluctuations in the Hesse CPI could influence overall economic sentiment and decisions made by the ECB, affecting Eurozone markets and the euro currency.

The Hesse Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important economic calendar event for Germany, providing information about the province's inflation situation. The CPI is a measure of the changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods and services, which can affect the purchasing power of their money.

As a part of the German economy, the Hesse CPI is an essential indicator for investors, policymakers, and market participants, who closely monitor the inflation trends in the country. A continuous increase in the CPI signifies potential inflation, while a decrease indicates a possible deflationary situation. In both cases, the outcomes could have an impact on the German economy and the European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy decisions.

Additionally, the Hesse CPI can offer an insight into the general economic conditions in the region. For instance, changes in the CPI can also reveal the relative price movements in different industries, such as energy, housing, and transportation.

The North Rhine Westphalia CPI (Consumer Price Index) is an economic calendar event for Germany that focuses on the changes in the prices of a basket of consumer goods and services in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This state is the most populous and economically significant region in Germany, making its CPI an important indicator of overall inflation trends in the country.

The CPI measures the average change in the prices that households pay for various goods and services, including food, clothing, transportation, etc., over a specific period. By tracking these changes, the North Rhine Westphalia CPI provides valuable information about the state of the economy and the purchasing power of consumers in the region.

When the CPI increases, it indicates rising inflation, which may lead to higher interest rates, reduced purchasing power, and a potential decline in the value of investments. On the other hand, a decrease in the CPI suggests lower inflation, which may result in lower interest rates, increased purchasing power, and a possible rise in the value of investments. Investors, policymakers, and market participants closely watch the North Rhine Westphalia CPI data to assess the economic conditions and make informed decisions.

The Saxony Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important economic calendar event that measures the changes in the price level of a market basket of consumer goods and services in the region of Saxony, Germany. The index plays a vital role in determining the level of inflation and overall economic health of the region.

A rise in the Saxony CPI indicates increased consumer demand, which can be interpreted as a sign of a growing economy. Conversely, a decline in the index may suggest weakened purchasing power and a contracting economy. As one of the largest and most industrialized regions in Germany, trends in Saxony's CPI can potentially influence the nation's overall inflation rate and economic policy decisions.

The Saxony Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an important economic event in Germany that measures the change in the prices of a selected basket of goods and services purchased by households in the region of Saxony. This indicator helps assess the inflation rate and the overall cost of living in Saxony, which is one of the 16 federal states of Germany.

The CPI is calculated by comparing the current prices of goods and services with their prices in a base period. A significant increase or decrease in the Saxony CPI can provide valuable insights into the health of the German economy, as it reflects consumer purchasing power, consumption trends, and overall economic stability.

This economic event is closely monitored by analysts, investors, and policymakers, as it can influence monetary policy decisions by the European Central Bank (ECB) and other relevant authorities. By keeping track of the Saxony CPI, one can gauge the effectiveness of economic policies and anticipate potential adjustments necessary to maintain price stability and sustainable economic growth in Germany.

Consumer credit is defined as borrowing by the UK personal sector to finance current expenditure on goods and services. For consumer credit, the UK personal sector comprises individuals only, i.e. housing associations, incorporated businesses and other non-profit making bodies serving persons are excluded. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

M4 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

Mortgage Approvals measures the number of new mortgages approved for home purchases during the previous month by the Bank of England. The data tends to have a limited impact because about 60% of all mortgages are covered by the BBA Mortgage Approvals data released a few days earlier.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Net lending secured on dwellings include sterling bridging loans made by banks and other specialist lendersA higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Business Confidence measures the current business conditions in Portugal. It helps to analyze the economic situation in the short term. A rising trend indicates an increase in business investment which may lead to higher levels of output. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Net lending to individuals measures the change in the total value of new credit extended to consumers. It is closely correlated with consumer spending and confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Baden Wuerttemberg Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an essential economic calendar event for Germany and captures the change in the general price level of goods and services that households purchase in the region of Baden Wuerttemberg.

It measures the average price movements over time in a basket of consumer goods and services, such as food, transportation, and healthcare. The index is a significant indicator of inflation, given that it reflects the changing costs that consumers face on a day-to-day basis.

Higher-than-expected readings can be seen as positive for the German economy, as it signals an increase in consumer spending. This could lead to an uptick in economic growth and, consequently, to higher interest rates. Conversely, a lower-than-expected reading may indicate decreased consumer spending and a weakening economy.

Investors, market analysts, and policymakers keep a close eye on the Baden Wuerttemberg CPI data as it helps to provide insight into the overall economic health of the region as well as its impact on the German economy.

The Baden Wuerttemberg Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an essential economic indicator released monthly, reflecting the change in prices for a representative basket of goods and services purchased by households in the Baden-Wuerttemberg region of Germany. The CPI is calculated by measuring the percentage change in the average price level of various goods and services, including food and beverages, housing, transportation, health care, and education, among others.

As the largest state in Germany in terms of both economy and population, Baden-Wuerttemberg is considered a significant contributor to Germany's overall economic performance. The Baden Wuerttemberg CPI provides valuable insights into inflationary trends, cost of living, and buying trends of consumers in the region. This data can also help the European Central Bank (ECB) and other policymakers shape monetary policies and gauge the effectiveness of implemented measures.

A high or rising CPI indicates an increase in inflation, which can negatively impact the purchasing power of consumers and erode their income. Conversely, a low or falling CPI signals lower inflation or even deflation, meaning that consumers can purchase more goods and services with the same amount of income. Monitoring the changes in the Baden Wuerttemberg CPI is essential for anyone interested in the German economy's performance and understanding the regional dynamics affecting inflation.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation.

The Business and Consumer Survey is a composite index which measures the level of confidence in the euro zone. The index is compiled from five different indicator surveys which are taken on a monthly basis, including: industrial, services, consumer, retail, and construction. The survey can indicate potential in both consumer and business spending in the euro zone.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Business Climate indicator is based on monthly business surveys and is designed to deliver a clear and timely assessment of the cyclical situation within the euro area. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the EUR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. The reading is compiled from a survey of about 2,300 consumers in the euro zone which asks respondents to evaluate future economic prospects. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Consumer Inflation Expectation number is a report by Eurostat that tries to forecast inflation forward, by analysing survey's of consumers all over the Eurozone. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Indexes that measures the average change in selling prices received by domestic producers of goods and services over time. PPIs measure price change from the perspective of the seller.

Balances: i.e. Differences between the percentages of respondents giving positive and negative replies.The indicator is an average of the responses (seasonally adjusted balances) to the questions on business climate and evolution of demand.

Industrial Sentiment is an indicator that measures the mood of consumers or businesses. based on a survey during which respondents rate their opinion on different issues concerning current and future conditions. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the EUR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BHD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BHD.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BHD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BHD.