FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

Foreign capital actually utilized refers to the amount which has been actually used according to the agreements and contracts, including cash, materials and invisible capital such as labour service and technology which both parties agree to take as an investment. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the JGB auctioned.

JGB's have maturities of up to 50 years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a JGB represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MYR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MYR.

The Estonian Current Account % of GDP is an economic calendar event that showcases the ratio of the Current Account balance to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Estonia. The current account records the country's transactions with the rest of the world and includes the balance of trade (exports minus imports), net income from abroad, and net current transfers.

An increasing percentage indicates a higher surplus in the current account, suggesting that Estonia is producing more than it consumes and is able to export its excess production. This can positively impact the nation's currency and signify a strong economy.

On the other hand, a decreasing percentage signifies that the economy is consuming more than it produces, leading to a deficit in the current account. This can have a negative impact on the country's currency and may indicate potential economic challenges.

The Estonian Current Account % of GDP is a significant event for investors, analysts, and policymakers as it provides valuable insights into the overall health of the Estonian economy and potential shifts in economic growth.

The German Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The German Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) in an index of consumer prices calculated and published by Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Union (EU), on the basis of a statistical methodology that has been harmonised across all EU Member States. HICP is a measure of prices used by the Governing Council of EU to define and assess price stability in the euro area as a whole in quantitative terms.The HICP are designed expressly for international comparisons of consumer price inflation across EU Member States. these harmonized inflation figures will be used to inform decisions on which Member States meet price stability convergence criterion for EMU. However, they are not intended to replace existing national Consumer Price Indices (CPIs). The coverage of the indices is based on the EU classification COICOP (classification of individual consumption by purpose).

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) in an index of consumer prices calculated and published by Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Union (EU), on the basis of a statistical methodology that has been harmonised across all EU Member States. HICP is a measure of prices used by the Governing Council of EU to define and assess price stability in the euro area as a whole in quantitative terms.The HICP are designed expressly for international comparisons of consumer price inflation across EU Member States. these harmonized inflation figures will be used to inform decisions on which Member States meet price stability convergence criterion for EMU. However, they are not intended to replace existing national Consumer Price Indices (CPIs). The coverage of the indices is based on the EU classification COICOP (classification of individual consumption by purpose).

The Current Account is an important economic indicator that measures the difference in value between Denmark's exports and imports of goods, services, investment income, and current transfers over a specific period. It is a significant component of the country's balance of payments, which is a comprehensive record of all economic transactions between residents of Denmark and the rest of the world.

A positive current account balance indicates that Denmark's total exports, or inflows, surpass its total imports, or outflows. This suggests that the country is a net saver and potentially attractive to foreign investors. On the other hand, a negative current account balance implies that Denmark is a net borrower from the global economy, which could signify potential economic challenges.

The current account figure not only offers insight into the trade balance but also reflects the country's competitiveness and attractiveness to foreign investors. As a result, it is closely monitored by economists, investors, and policymakers alike for its potential impact on the Danish Krone exchange rate, financial markets, and overall economic health.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time.A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the DKK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the DKK.

The Retail Sales is a monthly measurement of all goods sold by retailers based on a sampling of retail stores of different types and sizes in Turkey excluding auto. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and also correlated to consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Retail Sales is a monthly measurement of all goods sold by retailers based on a sampling of retail stores of different types and sizes in Turkey excluding auto. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and also correlated to consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Luis de Guindos, Vice-President of the European Central Bank, is set to speak. His speeches often contain indications on the future possible direction of monetary policy.

The OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report covers major issues affecting the world oil market and provides an outlook for crude oil market developments for the coming year. The report provides a detailed analysis of key developments impacting oil market trends in world oil demand, supply as well as the oil market balance.

This economic calendar event refers to a public speaking engagement by one of the Members of the Bank of England's (BoE) Financial Stability Committee, Sarah Breeden. These engagements may include speeches, panel discussions or testimony before parliament.

When BoE Breeden speaks, her remarks can provide valuable insight into both the current state of the UK economy and the Bank's monetary policy stance. Market participants, such as traders and investors, pay close attention to her speeches, as they may contain hints about potential shifts in monetary policy which can have a significant impact on financial markets and currency exchange rates.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the BOT auctioned.

Italian BOT bills have maturities of one year or less. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BOT represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bund auctioned.

Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the Bund represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The Consumers Price Index (CPI) measures the rate of price change of goods and services purchased by households. It measures changes in the average level of prices over a period of time. In other words, prices indicator of what is happening to prices consumers are paying for items purchased. With a given starting point or base period which is usually taken as 100, the CPI can be used to compare current period consumer prices with those in the base period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Fixed 30-year mortgage lending rates for 80% loan-to-value mortgage (source by MBA).

Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) Mortgage Applications measures the change in the number of new applications for mortgages backed by the MBA during the reported week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Purchase Index includes all mortgages applications for the purchase of a single-family home. It covers the entire market, both conventional and government loans, and all products. The Purchase Index has proven to be a reliable indicator of impending home sales.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Market Index covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Refinance Index covers all mortgage applications to refinance an existing mortgage. It is the best overall gauge of mortgage refinancing activity. The Refinance Index includes conventional and government refinances, regardless of product (FRM or ARM) or coupon rate refinanced into or out of. Seasonal factors are less significant in refinances than in home sales, however holiday effects are considerable.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. M3 is a broad monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits, certificates of deposit, all other deposits and repurchase agreements. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

 Foreign Exchange Reserves are the foreign assets held or controlled by the country central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the RUB, while a lower than expected number as negative

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in the prices paid by urban consumers for a fixed market basket of goods and services. The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuel, drugs, transportation fares, doctors' and dentists' fees, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. The quantity and quality of these items are kept essentially unchanged between major revisions so that only price changes will be measured. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in the prices paid by urban consumers for a fixed market basket of goods and services. The CPIis based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuel, drugs, transportation fares, doctors and dentists fees, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. The quantity and quality of these items are kept essentially unchanged between major revisions so that only price changes will bemeasured. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index."

The CPI Index, s.a, also known as the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, is an economic event that measures the average change in the prices that urban consumers pay for a basket of goods and services over time. It is a key indicator of inflation and serves as a guide for making decisions related to monetary policy, wage agreements, and economic forecasts.

This event compares the cost of a fixed basket of goods and services purchased by consumers, such as food, housing, transportation, and medical care, to the cost of the same basket in a previous reference period. The CPI Index, s.a, adjusts the data for seasonal variations, making it easier to compare changes in the prices of goods and services throughout the year.

An increase in the CPI Index, s.a, indicates that the average price level for the basket of goods and services has increased, thereby pointing to inflationary pressures. Conversely, a decrease signifies deflationary pressures. Central banks, policymakers, businesses, and individuals closely monitor this economic event to make informed decisions related to investments, consumption, and financial planning.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) not seasonally adjusted (n.s.a) is an economic calendar event for the United States that measures the changes in the prices paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services, without any adjustments made for seasonal variations.

While the seasonally adjusted CPI takes into account predictable fluctuations at different times of the year, such as increased energy costs in winter or more expensive food in summer, the not seasonally adjusted CPI provides a more straightforward look at price changes, presenting the raw data without any adjustments.

Analyzer of CPI n.s.a is important for policymakers, investors, and businesses as it helps in understanding inflation trends and making well-informed decisions.

Real Earnings measures Wages, salaries, and other earnings, corrected for inflation over time so as to produce a measure of actual changes in purchasing power. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative

The German Buba Mauderer Speaks event refers to a public speech given by a representative from the Bundesbank (Germany's Central Bank), discussing the country's economic outlook, monetary policies, and financial stability. These speeches often provide valuable insights into the Bundesbank's perspectives on the German economy and can have a direct impact on the financial markets, particularly the EUR currency.

As part of their role, Bundesbank representatives are responsible for communicating their views on interest rates, inflation, and overall economic prospects. The market closely watches these speeches as they may provide hints regarding future monetary policy decisions. Consequently, any changes in tone or statements about potential actions can lead to shifts in market sentiment and affect the value of the EUR.

Michelle W. Bowman took office as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on November 26, 2018, to fill an unexpired term ending January 31, 2020. Her public engagements are often used to drop subtle clues regarding future monetary policy.

The Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Crude Oil Inventories measures the weekly change in the number of barrels of commercial crude oil held by US firms. The level of inventories influences the price of petroleum products, which can have an impact on inflation.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The EIA Refinery Crude Runs is an economic calendar event that focuses on the weekly report provided by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). This report features data on the total volume of crude oil processed within American refineries, also known as crude runs.

An increase in refinery crude runs could indicate higher demand for crude oil, which in turn corresponds to strong economic growth. On the other hand, a decrease in refinery crude runs may signal a possible decline in demand for crude oil or refining capacity, reflecting weakening economic activity. As a result, industry participants and market analysts pay close attention to this data, as it can significantly impact the crude oil market and provide insights into the overall health of the US economy.

Crude Oil Imports is an economic calendar event that highlights the change in the volume of imported crude oil into the United States. This information provides valuable insights into the overall health of the US energy sector and the nation's reliance on foreign oil supplies.

A positive change in the volume of crude oil imports indicates an increasing demand for oil, which could be driven by factors such as economic growth and rising industrial activity. Conversely, a decrease in crude oil imports may suggest a decline in demand or an increase in domestic oil production. This data can have a significant impact on the oil market and the value of the US dollar, as well as influencing the decisions of policymakers and investors.

Crude Oil Imports is typically monitored by energy market participants, economists, and policymakers, as it can provide useful insights into the dynamics of the energy market and potential shifts in global market trends. The data is released by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis, and it is widely regarded as a key indicator of the US energy market's performance.

Change in the number of barrels of crude oil held in storage at the Cushing, Oklahoma during the past week. Storage levels at Cushing are important because it serves as the delivery point for the U.S. crude oil benchmark, West Texas Intermediate.

Distillate Fuel Production is an important economic indicator that provides insight into the overall energy production and demand in the United States. Distillate fuels, such as diesel and heating oil, are commonly used for a variety of purposes, including transportation, heating, and industrial processes. This data is closely monitored by both investors and policymakers as a measure of the health of the energy sector and the overall economy.

Increased distillate fuel production can result from rising demand due to economic growth, seasonal factors, or changes in energy policies. Conversely, decreased production can reflect weakening demand or supply disruptions. This indicator's fluctuations may impact the prices of distillate fuels, which in turn can affect consumer spending, inflation, and trade balances.

Distillate Fuel Production figures are typically released on a weekly basis by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), providing updated and relevant data for traders, investors, and businesses alike. Understanding the trends and patterns in this data can help inform decision-making processes and investment strategies.

The Energy Information Administration reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage. The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

Gasoline Production is a significant economic calendar event that pertains to the United States. It indicates the volume of gasoline manufactured domestically on a weekly basis. The data is collected and published by the Energy Information Administration (EIA).

As gasoline is a key component in fueling the transportation sector, its production levels have a notable impact on energy prices, supply chains, and consequently, the overall economy. When gasoline production increases, it reflects positively on the industrial sector's performance and serves as an indicator of economic growth.

However, high gasoline production levels may also lead to an oversupply in the market, causing prices to drop. Investors and analysts track the Gasoline Production report to make informed decisions regarding the energy and transportation sectors' performance and predict the potential implications on the general economy.

Heating Oil Stockpiles is an economic calendar event that provides insights into the United States' current inventory levels of distillate fuel oil, which is primarily used for home heating purposes. These stockpiles are essentially reserves of heating oil that are stored, produced, and supplied to meet the country's demand during cold months and fluctuating market conditions.

Tracking heating oil stockpile trends can help investors gauge the overall health of the energy market and anticipate potential price fluctuations in heating oil. Significant changes in the stockpile levels may indicate disparities between supply and demand for the commodity, thus affecting its market price. These data can also provide valuable information about the performance and stability of refining companies, distributors, and other businesses within the oil and gas industry.

This economic calendar event is typically released by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis. Investors, traders, and analysts closely monitor these data to formulate strategies and make informed decisions in the energy markets.

The EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates is an important economic calendar event that provides valuable insights into the weekly performance of refineries in the United States. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) releases this report to measure the percentage of available refining capacity that is being utilized by refineries during the specified period.

These utilization rates are critical for market participants, policymakers, and analysts as they offer a clear picture of the state of the refinery sector. Changes in refinery utilization rates may indicate shifts in the overall energy market, including the demand and supply dynamics for crude oil, gasoline, and other petroleum products. Should the rates rise, it may signal increasing demand for fuel or strong economic activity, while declining rates can be a sign of weakening demand or economic slowdown.

Investors, traders and businesses typically use this information to help them make decisions and predictions about the energy market, oil prices, and the overall performance of the economy. Hence, the EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates constitutes a highly significant economic calendar event for the United States.

Gasoline Inventories measures the change in the number of barrels of commercial gasoline held in inventory by commercial firms during the reported week. The data influences the price of gasoline products which affects inflation.

The data has no consistent effect, there are both inflationary and growth implications.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and in the metropolitan area of Cleaveland. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a key economic indicator that measures consumer confidence levels in the United States. Conducted monthly by global market research firm Ipsos, the survey gathers data from a diverse sample of American households, providing insight into consumers' sentiment regarding the country's overall economic health.

The PCSI is derived from multiple questions assessing consumers' outlook on the national economy, personal finance, job market, and investment opportunities. These aspects are combined to generate a comprehensive and singular index score, offering valuable information to economists, investors, and policymakers.

A higher PCSI score typically indicates greater consumer optimism, which can lead to increased spending and overall economic growth. Conversely, a lower score may signal a decline in consumer confidence, resulting in reduced consumer spending and potential economic stagnation. Thus, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI serves as a valuable barometer for understanding current and potential consumer behavior in the United States.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is a significant economic calendar event for Canada. This index measures the overall level of consumer confidence and sentiment in the national economy, allowing investors, analysts, and policymakers to understand the current state of the economy and make informed decisions based on the data.

Conducted by Thomson Reuters in partnership with the global market research firm IPSOS, the PCSI survey collects data from a representative sample of Canadian consumers. The respondents share their opinions on various aspects of the economy, such as personal finances, job security, and overall economic conditions. The index is calculated by evaluating these responses and assigning numeric scores to each of the components. A higher index level represents increased consumer confidence and optimism, while a lower level signifies pessimism or decreased confidence in the economy.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI is released on a monthly basis, providing a regular and up-to-date snapshot of consumer sentiment in Canada. The index plays an essential role in shaping monetary policy, as changes in consumer confidence can impact consumer spending, investment, and overall economic growth. As a result, the PCSI serves as a vital economic indicator for market participants and policymakers alike, helping them make well-informed decisions for the Canadian economy's betterment.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is an economic calendar event in Mexico that measures the level of consumer confidence in the country. It provides valuable insights into household spending, overall economic well-being, and consumer attitude towards the country's current and future financial conditions.

This index is calculated through a worldwide monthly survey by Thomson Reuters and IPSOS, a global market research firm. The survey collects data on consumer expectations in numerous countries, including Mexico. The PCSI is a composite score derived from public opinions about current economic conditions, personal finances, employment prospects, and inflation expectations.

A higher PCSI score indicates positive sentiment among consumers, which could lead to increased household spending and economic growth. Conversely, a lower score reflects the pessimism in consumer sentiment and may result in reduced spending and weaker economic indicators. Economists, investors, and policymakers closely monitor the PCSI as it helps them understand consumer trends and make informed decisions to stimulate or stabilize the economy.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is an event that is featured in the economic calendar for Argentina. This index provides a comprehensive insight into the overall consumer confidence levels within the country.

By measuring and analyzing consumer opinions and perceptions in areas such as local and national economic prospects, personal finances, employment, and investment scenarios, the PCSI helps businesses, government entities, and investors gauge the strength of the Argentine consumer market and population sentiment during a specified time frame.

The index consists of survey responses from a randomly-selected, representative sample of Argentine citizens, making it a key indicator of the country's economic health. A high PCSI value typically reflects a positive consumer outlook, while a low value suggests that consumers may be more pessimistic about the future. The PCSI is, thus, a vital data point for observing trends in consumer behavior and predicting potential repercussions on Argentina's economic climate.

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

Isabel Schnabel, member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, is set to speak. Her speeches often contain indications on the future possible direction of monetary policy.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Note auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Notes have maturities of two to ten years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Note represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The indicator shows the amount of capital flows that is directed to the country by foreign investors. Capital flows are essential for developing and emerging markets. They contribute to enhancing investments and financing current account deficits. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Federal Budget Balance measures the difference in value between the federal government's income and expenditure during the reported month. A positive number indicates a budget surplus, a negative number indicates a deficit.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Manufacturing Sales measures the change in the overall value of sales made by manufacturers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NZD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NZD.

The Business Sentiment Index (BSI) Large Manufacturing Conditions Index measures business sentiment in manufacturing. The data is derived from a survey of large Japanese manufacturers. It is a key indicator of the strength of the Japanese economy, which relies heavily on the manufacturing industry. A level above zero indicates improving conditions; a level below indicates worsening conditions. This survey may help to predict the Bank of Japan's Tankan Large Manufacturing Index which is generally released about a week later.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Foreign Bonds Buying number measures the flow from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow. A positive difference indicates net sales of foreign securities by residents (capital inflow), and a negative difference indicates net purchases of foreign securities by residents (capital outflow). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Balance of payments shows strenghts and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Securities investment, contract basis. Securities investment refers to flows from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. Bonds include beneficiary certificates but exclude all bills. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow.