FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. International economic events

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

C2 stands for ""Credit from domestic sources in NOK and foreign currency"", ie ""the indicator of gross domestic debt for the non-financial private sector and municipalities in NOK and foreign currency"". In addition to C1, ""Credit from domestic sources in NOK and foreign currency"" (C2) consists of lending to the public in foreign currency by Norwegian financial corporations. All growth rate calculations based on holdings which include foreign currency loans are adjusted for changes in exchange rates in order to eliminate all changes not related to transactions. The growth rate calculations are also adjusted for statistical breaks which are not attributable to transactions or valuation changes. An example of this kind of break could be that a financial enterprise moves from one sector to another.

The Leading Indicators Index is a composite index based on 10 economic indicators, that is designed to predict the future direction of the economy. The report tends to have a limited impact because most of the indicators used in the calculation are released previously.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the MYR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Business Survey measures industrial activity in France, the world’s fourth largest economy. The data is compiled from a survey of around 4,000 French business leaders from a broad range of sectors.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular age/sex group is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of the labour force for that group. The Central Statistical Office, GUS, revised its jobless figures starting in December 2003, after a national census showed a drop in the number of people employed in agriculture. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PLN , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PLN.

The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) Distributive Trades Survey (DTS) measures the health of the retail sector. The reading is compiled from a survey of about 150 retail and wholesale companies. It includes measures of sales activity across the distributive trades. It is a leading indicator of consumer spending. The figure is the difference between the percentage of retailers reporting an increase in sales and those reporting a decrease.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Foreign capital actually utilized refers to the amount which has been actually used according to the agreements and contracts, including cash, materials and invisible capital such as labour service and technology which both parties agree to take as an investment.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

The Current Account index measures the difference in value between exported and imported goods, services and interest payments during the reported month. The goods portion is the same as the monthly Trade Balance figureBecause foreigners must buy the domestic currency to pay for the nation's exports the data can have a sizable affect on the BRL. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

 Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world and is divided by GDP. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the BRL, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The Hungarian National Bank Monetary Policy Committee's decision on where to set the benchmark interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the HUF, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the HUF.

Fed Goolsbee Speaks is an economic event where the Federal Reserve representative, Austan Goolsbee, gives a speech or makes statements about the existing or upcoming economic and monetary policies of the United States. Austan Goolsbee is an esteemed economist who is known to address important aspects such as monetary policies, inflation, and interest rates. His speeches often move the market and give insights into the future decisions of the Federal Reserve.

Investors and traders keenly follow such events to understand the Fed's stance and adjust their investment strategies accordingly. Fed Goolsbee's words can lead to a wave of market volatility, creating trading opportunities. Therefore, it is an important event to keep a close watch on to understand the economic health and policy direction of the United States.

The ADP Employment Change Weekly report provides an estimation of the private sector employment change in the United States on a weekly basis. Compiled by the ADP Research Institute, this report offers insights into job growth trends within the non-farm private sector and is based on actual payroll data from ADP clients. It serves as a precursor to the monthly employment reports, giving early indications of labor market conditions by measuring the change in the number of employed people during the previous week, excluding government jobs and the farming industry. This metric is crucial for economists and policymakers to assess the health of the labor market and make informed decisions related to economic policy and labor practices.

The Redbook Index is a sales-weighted of year-over-year same-store sales growth in a sample of large US general merchandise retailers representing about 9,000 stores. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

FGV Consumer confidence is based on surveys which are sent to citizens which rate their opinion on different issues concerning future and current conditions.The Consumer Expectations Survey produces indicators about consumer sentiment, such as: decisions about saving accounts and future expenses; pointers to the short-term path of the economy; evaluations and expectations about the local economic situation; the financial situation of the family, work prospects, and intention to purchase durable goods; Consumer`s Trust Index, Present Situation, and Expectations Index. A stronger than expected figure should be taken as a bullish signal to the BRL while a weaker than expected figure as bearish to the BRL.

The House Price Index (HPI) is a broad measure of the movement of single-family house prices, with mortgages backed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. This report helps to analyze the strength of the US housing market, which helps to analysis the economy as a whole.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The HPI is published by OFHEO using data provided by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. House price index is a statistic designed to reflect the average change of house prices across the country or a certain area. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative

OFHEO's House Price Index (HPI) is a measure designed to capture changes in the value of single-family homes in the U.S. as a whole, in various regions of the country. The HPI is published by OFHEO using data provided by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. House price index is a statistic designed to reflect the average change of house prices across the country or a certain area. It ensures that the relative importance of different property types in different regions remains fixed throughout the life of the index. Different adjustment must be used as no two houses are identical. Therefore characteristics such as physical attributes of a house or its location should be included in the calculation if the index. Rising house prices are likely to increase consumer confidence and consumer spending which lead to rising aggregate demand. This can have two effects. On one hand it causes higher economic growth. However, on the other hand, it might contribute to inflation. Increased consumer spending is usually aimed at imported goods thus higher house prices cause current account deficit.

House price index is a statistic designed to reflect the average change of house prices across the country or a certain area.It ensures that the relative importance of different property types in different regions remains fixed throughout the life of the index. Different adjustment must be used as no two houses are identical. Therefore characteristics such as physical attributes of a house or its location should be included in the calculation if the index. Rising house prices are likely to increase consumer confidence and consumer spending which lead to rising aggregate demand. This can have two effects. On one hand it causes higher economic growth. However, on the other hand, it might contribute to inflation. Increased consumer spending is usually aimed at imported goods thus higher house prices cause current account deficit.

The S&P/Case-Shiller House Price Index measures the change in the selling price of single-family homes in 20 metropolitan areas.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD,while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Case-Shiller index prices are measured monthly and tracks repeat sales of houses using a modified version of the weighted-repeat sales methodology proposed by Karl Case and Robert Shiller and Allan Weiss. This means that, to a large extent, it is able to adjust for the quality of the homes sold, unlike simple averages. As a monthly tracking index, Case-Shiller Index has long lag time. Typically, it takes about 2 months for S&P to publish the results, as opposed to 1 month for most other monthly indices and indicators. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta President Raphael Bostic. His public engagements are often used to drop subtle clues regarding future monetary policy.

The "Fed Collins Speaks" event refers to a scheduled public address or speech held by a high-ranking official from the Federal Reserve, often a member of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) or a Regional Federal Reserve Bank President. In this case, the speaker is referred to as "Collins" which may be a placeholder for an actual name, as the Federal Reserve officials may change over time.

During these events, the speaker may provide insights into the central bank's current monetary policy strategy, economic outlook, and expectations for future interest rate adjustments. The financial markets closely monitor these speeches, as they can provide valuable information on the Fed's thought process and potential changes in monetary policy that may influence economic growth, inflation, and employment.

Investors and traders pay particular attention to these events, as subtle hints or forward guidance from the speaker can have a significant impact on the financial markets, leading to changes in asset prices and volatility. While not all speeches by Federal Reserve officials carry the same weight, they remain an important part of the economic calendar for anyone interested in understanding the United States' monetary policy direction.

The Fed Waller Speaks event is an important occasion in the economic calendar of the United States, as it features a speech by Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis President, Christopher J. Waller. Appointed to this prestigious position in 2020, Waller plays a significant role in shaping U.S. monetary policy as a voting member of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC).

During this event, financial analysts, market participants, and journalists keenly observe Waller's remarks, searching for cues on the Fed's monetary policy stance, economic outlook, and other factors that may influence markets, interest rates, and the U.S. dollar. Consequently, his speeches can generate volatility in financial markets, with traders adjusting their strategies based on any new insights revealed.

It is important for investors to keep an eye on the Fed Waller Speaks event, as it can offer valuable information about the future direction of monetary policy, helping them make informed decisions and better anticipate market reactions.

Bank of England (BOE) Governor Andrew Bailey (Mar 2020 - Mar 2028) is to speak. As head of the BOE's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) which controls short term interest rates, Bailey has more influence over sterling's value than any other person. Traders scrutinize his public engagements for clues regarding future monetary policy. His comments may spark a short-term positive or negative trend.

This economic calendar event focuses on a speech given by Bank of England (BoE) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) member Dr. Huw Pill. As a key policymaker within the BoE, Pill's remarks often provide valuable insights into the current state of the UK economy, as well as future monetary policy direction.

Traders and investors closely monitor these speeches, as they can influence market sentiment and generate potential market-moving impacts. Dr. Pill's public appearances may provide hints on crucial decisions such as interest rate adjustments and quantitative easing measures, based on the BoE's assessment of economic conditions.

Since the MPC is responsible for setting the interest rate that affects the cost of borrowing and saving in the UK, the speeches of its members like Dr. Pill can have a significant impact on the British pound and other UK financial assets.

Fed Governor Cook Speaks is an economic calendar event where a key member of the Federal Reserve, Governor Cook, delivers a speech to address various aspects of the US economy. The topics of discussion can range from monetary policy, economic growth, inflation, employment, and other pertinent issues that have significant implications on the country's financial landscape.

Market participants and investors closely monitor this event, as the insights and views shared by the Fed Governor can influence the future direction of monetary policy, interest rates, and overall expectations about the economy. Subtle changes in tone and language during the speech can provide opportunities for market analysis and strategy adjustments, helping investors to make informed decisions.

Conference Board (CB) Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Richmond Manufacturing Index rates the relative level of business conditions including shipments, new orders, and employment. A level above zero on the index indicates improving conditions; below indicates worsening conditions. The data is compiled from a survey of about 100 manufacturers in the Richmond area.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Survey of Fifth District Manufacturing Activity - Business activity index. All firms surveyed are located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and Most of West Virginia. Each index equals the precentage reporting increase minus the percentage reporting decrease.

The Survey of Fifth District Manufacturing Activity - Business activity index. All firms surveyed are located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and Most of West Virginia. Each index equals the precentage reporting increase minus the percentage reporting decrease.

Wholesale Inventories measures the change in the total value of goods held in inventory by wholesalers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Change in the total value of sales at the wholesale level.

Monetary policy refers to the actions undertaken by a country's monetary authority, central bank or government to achieve certain national economic goals. It is based on the relationship between interest rates at which money can be borrowed and total supply of money. Policy rates are the most important rates within a country's monetary policy. These can be: deposit rates, lombard rates, rediscount rates, reference rates etc. Changing them influences economic growth, inflation, exchange rates and unemployment.

survey responses are used to calculate an index for each indicator. Each index is calculated by subtracting the percentage of respondents reporting a decrease from the percentage reporting an increase. When the share of firms reporting an increase exceeds the share of firms reporting a decrease, the index will be greater than zero, suggesting the indicator has increased over the prior month. If the share of firms reporting a decrease exceeds the share reporting an increase, the index will be below zero, suggesting the indicator has decreased over the prior month. An index will be zero when the number of firms reporting an increase is equal to the number of firms reporting a decrease.

Survey responses are used to calculate an index for each indicator. Each index is calculated by subtracting the percentage of respondents reporting a decrease from the percentage reporting an increase. When the share of firms reporting an increase exceeds the share of firms reporting a decrease, the index will be greater than zero, suggesting the indicator has increased over the prior month. If the share of firms reporting a decrease exceeds the share reporting an increase, the index will be below zero, suggesting the indicator has decreased over the prior month. An index will be zero when the number of firms reporting an increase is equal to the number of firms reporting a decrease.

In any given month, the rate of inflation in a price index like the Consumer Price Index or Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) can be thought of as a weighted average, or mean, of the rates of change in the prices of all the goods and services that make up the index. Calculating the trimmed-mean PCE inflation rate for a given month involves looking at the price changes for each of the individual components of personal consumption expenditures. The individual price changes are sorted in ascending order from fell the most to rose the most, and a certain fraction of the most extreme observations at both ends of the spectrum are like a skaters best and worst marks thrown out, or trimmed. The inflation rate is then calculated as a weighted average of the remaining components. For the series presented here, 19.4 percent of the weight from the lower tail and 25.4 percent of the weight in the upper tail are trimmed. Those proportions have been chosen, based on historical data, to give the best fit between the trimmed-mean inflation rate and proxies for the true core PCE inflation rate. The resulting inflation measure has been shown to outperform the more conventional excluding food and energy measure as a gauge of core inflation.

ECB Supervisory Board Member Tuominen Speaks is an economic calendar event in which Ms. Marja Nykänen, a board member of the European Central Bank (ECB) Supervisory Board, delivers a speech on economic policies, banking supervision, financial stability, and other relevant topics concerning the Euro Zone. As a board member, Ms. Marja Nykänen's opinions and insights carry significant weight and may provide valuable information to investors, bankers, and financial analysts.

During these public speeches, Ms. Nykänen typically discusses recent economic developments, future challenges, as well as providing policy guidance for the banking sector. Market participants closely follow her remarks, as they may contain hints about upcoming regulatory actions, potential changes in monetary policy, or new priorities for the European banking system.

It is crucial for investors and professionals in the field to monitor ECB Supervisory Board Member Tuominen Speaks event as fluctuations in the Euro Zone's financial sector often impact other global markets. Additionally, it offers a glimpse into the health of the Euro Zone's economy and its future outlook, which may influence investment decisions and strategies across the regional and global landscape.

The Atlanta Fed GDPNow is an economic event that provides a real-time estimate of the United States' gross domestic product (GDP) growth for the current quarter. It serves as a valuable indicator for analysts, policymakers, and economists looking to gauge the health of the American economy.

Created and maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, the GDPNow model utilizes a sophisticated algorithm that processes incoming data from official government sources. These sources include reports on manufacturing, trade, retail sales, housing, and other sectors, which allows the Atlanta Fed to update their GDP growth projections on a frequent basis.

As an essential benchmark for economic performance, the GDPNow forecast can significantly impact financial markets and influence investment decisions. Market participants often use the GDPNow forecast to adjust their expectations regarding monetary policies and various economic outcomes.

SNB Governing Board members are responsible for setting the nation's key interest rates and their public engagements are often used to drop subtle clu

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Note auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Notes have maturities of two to ten years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Note represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

US M2 Money Stock refers to the measure of money supply that includes financial assets held mainly by households. These include savings deposits, time deposits, and balances in retail money market mutual funds, in addition to more readily-available liquid financial assets as defined by the M1 measure of money, such as currency, traveler's checks, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits. The US M2 Money Stock is critical in understanding and forecasting money supply, inflation, and interest rates in the US. Historically, when the money supply dramatically increased in global economies, there would be a following dramatic increase in prices of goods and services, which would then follow monetary policy with the aim to maintain inflation levels low.

The Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC) Economy Activity Index provides an early estimate for real gross domestic (GDP) performance in Argentina.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ARS, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ARS.

The "Fed Collins Speaks" event refers to a scheduled public address or speech held by a high-ranking official from the Federal Reserve, often a member of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) or a Regional Federal Reserve Bank President. In this case, the speaker is referred to as "Collins" which may be a placeholder for an actual name, as the Federal Reserve officials may change over time.

During these events, the speaker may provide insights into the central bank's current monetary policy strategy, economic outlook, and expectations for future interest rate adjustments. The financial markets closely monitor these speeches, as they can provide valuable information on the Fed's thought process and potential changes in monetary policy that may influence economic growth, inflation, and employment.

Investors and traders pay particular attention to these events, as subtle hints or forward guidance from the speaker can have a significant impact on the financial markets, leading to changes in asset prices and volatility. While not all speeches by Federal Reserve officials carry the same weight, they remain an important part of the economic calendar for anyone interested in understanding the United States' monetary policy direction.

The American Petroleum Institute reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage.The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The current account is the international flow of money for purposes other than investments. It offers a broad picture of how an economy is managing its finances with the rest of the world. If a country has a deficit in its current account it means that it has a saving deficit. The country is living above its means and is gradually becoming indebted to the world. The current account consists of the net total of: - (BOP) TRADE BALANCE: Export f.o.b. less Imports c.i.f. - (BOP) GENERAL GOVERNMENT: This covers all government current expenditure and receipts not appropriated to trade balance or to other transactions. - (BOP) TRANSPORT: Sea Transport: Receipts and payments for freight, charter hire, passage money, oil bunkers, and other disbursements. - (BOP) INTEREST, PROFITS, AND DIVIDENDS - (BOP) TRANSFERS