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EUR/JPY
EUR/JPY has edged back toward 176.00 after three consecutive sessions of losses, and the rebound is less a vote of confidence in the euro than a pause in a market that hasn't decided which central bank to believe. Start with the European Central Bank. Policymakers have now left rates untouched at 2% for a third straight meeting, describing the current setting as "well-calibrated" and emphasizing a data-dependent, meeting-by-meeting approach with no pre-commitment to any particular path. The justification is straightforward: eurozone inflation has settled close to the 2% target, with headline HICP easing to around 2.1% and core holding near 2.4%, while growth continues at a modest but positive pace. In practical terms, that removes the urgency for either a cut or a hike, which leaves the euro without a fresh policy catalyst to lean on. On the Japanese side, the picture is more complicated, and that complexity is precisely what has kept this pair from breaking down. The Bank of Japan held its policy rate at 0.5%, with two board members pushing for an immediate move to 0.75%, a split that reveals genuine internal disagreement rather than consensus. Governor Kazuo Ueda has repeatedly stressed that more data is needed before the next hike, particularly on wage momentum, and has declined to offer any preset timeline. Japan's inflation backdrop supports the hawkish case, with Tokyo CPI running at 2.8% year-on-year and core measures comfortably above target. Yet there's a political counterweight that markets cannot ignore: Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's government is preparing an aggressive fiscal stimulus package exceeding ¥13.9 trillion, complete with tax reductions, energy subsidies, and technology investment. Government borrowing and spending at that scale tends to weaken the currency it backs, and roughly 65% of surveyed economists have flagged concerns about Japan's fiscal health as a result. Layered on top is France, where political instability has become a persistent drag on the euro. The resignation of Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu after less than a month in office sent French borrowing costs surging and pushed the euro lower against major peers, and the risk premium embedded in French assets has not fully unwound. That combination, a patient ECB, a divided BOJ, generous Japanese fiscal policy, and French political fragility, explains why EUR/JPY sits near 176.00 rather than trending decisively in either direction. The rate differential still favours the euro, but the momentum behind that advantage has softened considerably.